demo地址:https://github.com/xiaochaofeiyu/YSCAnimation
有用的話求個star,歡迎建議討論。
CAGradientLayer是CALayer的一個特殊子類,用於生成顏色漸變的圖層,使用較為方便,下面介紹下它的相關屬性:
colors 漸變的顏色
locations 漸變顏色的分割點
startPoint&endPoint 顏色漸變的方向,范圍在(0,0)與(1.0,1.0)之間,如(0,0)(1.0,0)代表水平方向漸變,(0,0)(0,1.0)代表豎直方向漸變
CAGradientLayer *gradientLayer = [CAGradientLayer layer]; gradientLayer.colors = @[(__bridge id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor, (__bridge id)[UIColor yellowColor].CGColor, (__bridge id)[UIColor blueColor].CGColor]; gradientLayer.locations = @[@0.3, @0.5, @1.0]; gradientLayer.startPoint = CGPointMake(0, 0); gradientLayer.endPoint = CGPointMake(1.0, 0); gradientLayer.frame = CGRectMake(0, 100, 300, 100); [self.view.layer addSublayer:gradientLayer];
CAGradientLayer實現漸變標間簡單直觀,但存在一定的局限性,比如無法自定義整個漸變區域的形狀,如環形、曲線形的漸變。
iOS Core Graphics中有兩個方法用於繪制漸變顏色,CGContextDrawLinearGradient可以用於生成線性漸變,CGContextDrawRadialGradient用於生成圓半徑方向顏色漸變。函數可以自定義path,無論是什麼形狀都可以,原理都是用來做Clip,所以需要在CGContextClip函數前調用CGContextAddPath函數把CGPathRef加入到Context中。
另外一個需要注意的地方是漸變的方向,方向是由兩個點控制的,點的單位就是坐標。因此需要正確從CGPathRef中找到正確的點,方法當然有很多種看具體實現,本例中,我就是簡單得通過調用CGPathGetBoundingBox函數,返回CGPathRef的矩形區域,然後根據這個矩形取兩個點,讀者可以根據自行需求修改具體代碼。
1-> 線性漸變
- (void)drawLinearGradient:(CGContextRef)context path:(CGPathRef)path startColor:(CGColorRef)startColor endColor:(CGColorRef)endColor { CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB(); CGFloat locations[] = { 0.0, 1.0 }; NSArray *colors = @[(__bridge id) startColor, (__bridge id) endColor]; CGGradientRef gradient = CGGradientCreateWithColors(colorSpace, (__bridge CFArrayRef) colors, locations); CGRect pathRect = CGPathGetBoundingBox(path); //具體方向可根據需求修改 CGPoint startPoint = CGPointMake(CGRectGetMinX(pathRect), CGRectGetMidY(pathRect)); CGPoint endPoint = CGPointMake(CGRectGetMaxX(pathRect), CGRectGetMidY(pathRect)); CGContextSaveGState(context); CGContextAddPath(context, path); CGContextClip(context); CGContextDrawLinearGradient(context, gradient, startPoint, endPoint, 0); CGContextRestoreGState(context); CGGradientRelease(gradient); CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace); } - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // Do any additional setup after loading the view. //創建CGContextRef UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(self.view.bounds.size); CGContextRef gc = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(); //創建CGMutablePathRef CGMutablePathRef path = CGPathCreateMutable(); //繪制Path CGRect rect = CGRectMake(0, 100, 300, 200); CGPathMoveToPoint(path, NULL, CGRectGetMinX(rect), CGRectGetMinY(rect)); CGPathAddLineToPoint(path, NULL, CGRectGetMidX(rect), CGRectGetMaxY(rect)); CGPathAddLineToPoint(path, NULL, CGRectGetWidth(rect), CGRectGetMaxY(rect)); CGPathCloseSubpath(path); //繪制漸變 [self drawLinearGradient:gc path:path startColor:[UIColor greenColor].CGColor endColor:[UIColor redColor].CGColor]; //注意釋放CGMutablePathRef CGPathRelease(path); //從Context中獲取圖像,並顯示在界面上 UIImage *img = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext(); UIGraphicsEndImageContext(); UIImageView *imgView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:img]; [self.view addSubview:imgView]; }
2-> 圓半徑方向漸變
- (void)drawRadialGradient:(CGContextRef)context path:(CGPathRef)path startColor:(CGColorRef)startColor endColor:(CGColorRef)endColor { CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB(); CGFloat locations[] = { 0.0, 1.0 }; NSArray *colors = @[(__bridge id) startColor, (__bridge id) endColor]; CGGradientRef gradient = CGGradientCreateWithColors(colorSpace, (__bridge CFArrayRef) colors, locations); CGRect pathRect = CGPathGetBoundingBox(path); CGPoint center = CGPointMake(CGRectGetMidX(pathRect), CGRectGetMidY(pathRect)); CGFloat radius = MAX(pathRect.size.width / 2.0, pathRect.size.height / 2.0) * sqrt(2); CGContextSaveGState(context); CGContextAddPath(context, path); CGContextEOClip(context); CGContextDrawRadialGradient(context, gradient, center, 0, center, radius, 0); CGContextRestoreGState(context); CGGradientRelease(gradient); CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace); } - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // Do any additional setup after loading the view. //創建CGContextRef UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(self.view.bounds.size); CGContextRef gc = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(); //創建CGMutablePathRef CGMutablePathRef path = CGPathCreateMutable(); //繪制Path CGRect rect = CGRectMake(0, 100, 300, 200); CGPathMoveToPoint(path, NULL, CGRectGetMinX(rect), CGRectGetMinY(rect)); CGPathAddLineToPoint(path, NULL, CGRectGetMidX(rect), CGRectGetMaxY(rect)); CGPathAddLineToPoint(path, NULL, CGRectGetWidth(rect), CGRectGetMaxY(rect)); CGPathAddLineToPoint(path, NULL, CGRectGetWidth(rect), CGRectGetMinY(rect)); CGPathCloseSubpath(path); //繪制漸變 [self drawRadialGradient:gc path:path startColor:[UIColor greenColor].CGColor endColor:[UIColor redColor].CGColor]; //注意釋放CGMutablePathRef CGPathRelease(path); //從Context中獲取圖像,並顯示在界面上 UIImage *img = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext(); UIGraphicsEndImageContext(); UIImageView *imgView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:img]; [self.view addSubview:imgView]; }
CALayer的mask屬性可以作為遮罩讓layer顯示mask遮住(非透明)的部分;CAShapeLayer為CALayer的子類,通過path屬性可以生成不同的形狀,將CAShapeLayer對象用作layer的mask屬性的話,就可以生成不同形狀的圖層。故生成顏色漸變有以下幾個步驟:
生成一個imageView(也可以為layer),image的屬性為顏色漸變的圖片
生成一個CAShapeLayer對象,根據path屬性指定所需的形狀
將CAShapeLayer對象賦值給imageView的mask屬性
- (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; [self.view addSubview:self.firstCircle]; _firstCircle.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 200, 200); _firstCircle.center = CGPointMake(CGRectGetWidth(self.view.bounds) / 2.0, CGRectGetHeight(self.view.bounds) / 2.0); CGFloat firsCircleWidth = 5; self.firstCircleShapeLayer = [self generateShapeLayerWithLineWidth:firsCircleWidth]; _firstCircleShapeLayer.path = [self generateBezierPathWithCenter:CGPointMake(100, 100) radius:100].CGPath; _firstCircle.layer.mask = _firstCircleShapeLayer; } - (CAShapeLayer *)generateShapeLayerWithLineWidth:(CGFloat)lineWidth { CAShapeLayer *waveline = [CAShapeLayer layer]; waveline.lineCap = kCALineCapButt; waveline.lineJoin = kCALineJoinRound; waveline.strokeColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor; waveline.fillColor = [[UIColor clearColor] CGColor]; waveline.lineWidth = lineWidth; waveline.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor].CGColor; return waveline; } - (UIBezierPath *)generateBezierPathWithCenter:(CGPoint)center radius:(CGFloat)radius { UIBezierPath *circlePath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:center radius:radius startAngle:0 endAngle:2*M_PI clockwise:NO]; return circlePath; } - (UIImageView *)firstCircle { if (!_firstCircle) { self.firstCircle = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"circleBackground"]]; _firstCircle.layer.masksToBounds = YES; _firstCircle.alpha = 1.0; } return _firstCircle; }
demo地址:https://github.com/xiaochaofeiyu/YSCAnimation
在YSCNewVoiceWaveView與YSCVoiceLoadingCircleView中