IOS自適應前段庫
編輯：IOS開發基礎
文本為投稿文章，作者：Jekyll
Masonry是一個輕量級的布局框架，擁有自己的描述語法，采用更優雅的鏈式語法封裝自動布局，簡潔明了並具有高可讀性，而且同時支持 iOS 和 Max OS X。Masonry是一個用代碼寫iOS或OS界面的庫，可以代替Auto layout。Masonry的github地址：https://github.com/SnapKit/Masonry
本章內容
- Masonry配置
- Masonry使用
- Masonry實例
Masonry配置
- 推薦使用pods方式引入類庫，pod 'Masonry'，若不知道pod如何使用，情況我的另一篇文章： 提高ios開發效率的工具
- 引入頭文件 #import "Masonry.h"
Masonry使用講解
mas_makeConstraints 是給view添加約束，約束有幾種，分別是邊距，寬，高，左上右下距離，基准線。添加過約束後可以有修正，修正有offset（位移）修正和multipliedBy（倍率）修正。
語法一般是 make.equalTo or make.greaterThanOrEqualTo or make.lessThanOrEqualTo + 倍數和位移修正。
注意點1： 使用 mas_makeConstraints方法的元素必須事先添加到父元素的中，例如[self.view addSubview:view];
注意點2： masequalTo 和 equalTo 區別：masequalTo 比equalTo多了類型轉換操作，一般來說，大多數時候兩個方法都是 通用的，但是對於數值元素使用mas_equalTo。對於對象或是多個屬性的處理，使用equalTo。特別是多個屬性時，必須使用equalTo,例如 make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view);
注意點3: 注意到方法with和and,這連個方法其實沒有做任何操作，方法只是返回對象本身，這這個方法的左右完全是為了方法寫的時候的可讀性 。make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view);和make.left.right.equalTo(self.view);是完全一樣的，但是明顯的加了and方法的語句可讀性 更好點。
Masonry初級使用例子
// exp1: 中心點與self.view相同，寬度為400*400
-(void)exp1{
UIView *view = [UIView new];
[view setBackgroundColor:[UIColor redColor]];
[self.view addSubview:view];
[view mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.center.equalTo(self.view);
make.size.mas_equalTo(CGSizeMake(400,400));
}];
}
//exp2: 上下左右邊距都為10
-(void)exp2{
UIView *view = [UIView new];
[view setBackgroundColor:[UIColor redColor]];
[self.view addSubview:view];
[view mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.edges.equalTo(self.view).with.insets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(10, 10, 10, 10));
// make.left.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);
// make.right.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(-10);
// make.top.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);
// make.bottom.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(-10);
}];
}
//exp3 讓兩個高度為150的view垂直居中且等寬且等間隔排列 間隔為10
-(void)exp3{
UIView *view1 = [UIView new];
[view1 setBackgroundColor:[UIColor redColor]];
[self.view addSubview:view1];
UIView *view2 = [UIView new];
[view2 setBackgroundColor:[UIColor redColor]];
[self.view addSubview:view2];
[view1 mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.centerY.mas_equalTo(self.view.mas_centerY);
make.height.mas_equalTo(150);
make.width.mas_equalTo(view2.mas_width);
make.left.mas_equalTo(self.view.mas_left).with.offset(10);
make.right.mas_equalTo(view2.mas_left).offset(-10);
}];
[view2 mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.centerY.mas_equalTo(self.view.mas_centerY);
make.height.mas_equalTo(150);
make.width.mas_equalTo(view1.mas_width);
make.left.mas_equalTo(view1.mas_right).with.offset(10);
make.right.equalTo(self.view.mas_right).offset(-10);
}];
}Masonry高級使用例子1
iOS計算器使用Masorny布局：
//高級布局練習 ios自帶計算器布局
-(void)exp4{
//申明區域，displayView是顯示區域，keyboardView是鍵盤區域
UIView *displayView = [UIView new];
[displayView setBackgroundColor:[UIColor blackColor]];
[self.view addSubview:displayView];
UIView *keyboardView = [UIView new];
[self.view addSubview:keyboardView];
//先按1：3分割 displView（顯示結果區域）和 keyboardView（鍵盤區域）
[displayView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.top.equalTo(self.view.mas_top);
make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view);
make.height.equalTo(keyboardView).multipliedBy(0.3f);
}];
[keyboardView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.top.equalTo(displayView.mas_bottom);
make.bottom.equalTo(self.view.mas_bottom);
make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view);
}];
//設置顯示位置的數字為0
UILabel *displayNum = [[UILabel alloc]init];
[displayView addSubview:displayNum];
displayNum.text = @"0";
displayNum.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"HeiTi SC" size:70];
displayNum.textColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
displayNum.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentRight;
[displayNum mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.left.and.right.equalTo(displayView).with.offset(-10);
make.bottom.equalTo(displayView).with.offset(-10);
}];
//定義鍵盤鍵名稱，？號代表合並的單元格
NSArray *keys = @[@"AC",@"+/-",@"%",@"÷"
,@"7",@"8",@"9",@"x"
,@"4",@"5",@"6",@"-"
,@"1",@"2",@"3",@"+"
,@"0",@"?",@".",@"="];
int indexOfKeys = 0;
for (NSString *key in keys){
//循環所有鍵
indexOfKeys++;
int rowNum = indexOfKeys %4 ==0? indexOfKeys/4:indexOfKeys/4 +1;
int colNum = indexOfKeys %4 ==0? 4 :indexOfKeys %4;
NSLog(@"index is:%d and row:%d,col:%d",indexOfKeys,rowNum,colNum);
//鍵樣式
UIButton *keyView = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
[keyboardView addSubview:keyView];
[keyView setTitleColor:[UIColor blackColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[keyView setTitle:key forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[keyView.layer setBorderWidth:1];
[keyView.layer setBorderColor:[[UIColor blackColor]CGColor]];
[keyView.titleLabel setFont:[UIFont fontWithName:@"Arial-BoldItalicMT" size:30]];
//鍵約束
[keyView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
//處理 0 合並單元格
if([key isEqualToString:@"0"] || [key isEqualToString:@"?"] ){
if([key isEqualToString:@"0"]){
[keyView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.height.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_height).with.multipliedBy(.2f);
make.width.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_width).multipliedBy(.5);
make.left.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_left);
make.baseline.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_baseline).with.multipliedBy(.9f);
}];
}if([key isEqualToString:@"?"]){
[keyView removeFromSuperview];
}
}
//正常的單元格
else{
make.width.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_width).with.multipliedBy(.25f);
make.height.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_height).with.multipliedBy(.2f);
//按照行和列添加約束，這裡添加行約束
switch (rowNum) {
case 1:
{
make.baseline.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_baseline).with.multipliedBy(.1f);
keyView.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:205 green:205 blue:205 alpha:1];
}
break;
case 2:
{
make.baseline.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_baseline).with.multipliedBy(.3f);
}
break;
case 3:
{
make.baseline.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_baseline).with.multipliedBy(.5f);
}
break;
case 4:
{
make.baseline.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_baseline).with.multipliedBy(.7f);
}
break;
case 5:
{
make.baseline.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_baseline).with.multipliedBy(.9f);
}
break;
default:
break;
}
//按照行和列添加約束，這裡添加列約束
switch (colNum) {
case 1:
{
make.left.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_left);
}
break;
case 2:
{
make.right.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_centerX);
}
break;
case 3:
{
make.left.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_centerX);
}
break;
case 4:
{
make.right.equalTo(keyboardView.mas_right);
[keyView setBackgroundColor:[UIColor colorWithRed:243 green:127 blue:38 alpha:1]];
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}];
}
}本例子使用的baseline去控制高度位置，這似乎不是太准，如果想要精准控制高度位置，可以使用一行一行添加的方法，每次當前行的top去equelTo上一行的bottom。 給個提示：
for（遍歷所有行) for（遍歷所以列） //當前行約束根據上一行去設置 ......
下一個例子中，使用上面類似的方法
Masonry高級使用例子2
根據設計圖，使用masonry布局：
步驟1
步驟2
步驟1
-(void)createUI{
UIView *titleView = [UIView new];
titleView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
UIView *caredView = [UIView new];
[self.view addSubview:caredView];
UIView *brifeView = [UIView new];
[self.view addSubview:brifeView];
//self.view
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:0.965 alpha:1.000];
//thrm
UIImageView *plantThrm = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"defalutPlantReferenceIcon"]];
[self.view addSubview:plantThrm];
[plantThrm mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.left.and.top.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);
}];
//title
[self.view addSubview:titleView];
UIImageView *bgTitleView = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"bg-plant-reference-title"]];
[titleView addSubview:bgTitleView];
[titleView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.right.equalTo(self.view.mas_right);
make.left.equalTo(plantThrm.mas_right).with.offset(20);
make.centerY.equalTo(plantThrm.mas_centerY);
}];
[bgTitleView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.edges.equalTo(titleView);
}];
UILabel *title = [[UILabel alloc]init];
title.textColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
title.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"Heiti SC" size:26];
title.text = _reference.name;
[titleView addSubview:title];
[title mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.left.equalTo(titleView.mas_left).offset(10);
make.width.equalTo(titleView.mas_width);
make.centerY.equalTo(titleView.mas_centerY);
}];
//植物養護
UILabel *caredTitle = [[UILabel alloc]init];
caredTitle.textColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:0.172 green:0.171 blue:0.219 alpha:1.000];
caredTitle.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"Heiti SC" size:10];
caredTitle.text = @"植物養護";
[self.view addSubview:caredTitle];
[caredTitle mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.top.equalTo(plantThrm.mas_bottom).with.offset(20);
make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);
make.height.mas_equalTo(10);
}];
//將圖層的邊框設置為圓腳
caredView.layer.cornerRadius = 5;
caredView.layer.masksToBounds = YES;
//給圖層添加一個有色邊框
caredView.layer.borderWidth = 1;
caredView.layer.borderColor = [[UIColor colorWithWhite:0.521 alpha:1.000] CGColor];
caredView.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
[caredView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.top.equalTo(caredTitle.mas_bottom).with.offset(5);
make.left.equalTo(self.view.mas_left).with.offset(10);
make.right.equalTo(self.view.mas_right).with.offset(-10);
make.height.equalTo(brifeView);
}];
//植物簡介
UILabel *brifeTitle = [[UILabel alloc]init];
brifeTitle.textColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:0.172 green:0.171 blue:0.219 alpha:1.000];
brifeTitle.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"Heiti SC" size:10];
brifeTitle.text = @"植物簡介";
[self.view addSubview:brifeTitle];
[brifeTitle mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.top.equalTo(caredView.mas_bottom).with.offset(20);
make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);
make.height.mas_equalTo(10);
}];
//將圖層的邊框設置為圓腳
brifeView.layer.cornerRadius = 5;
brifeView.layer.masksToBounds = YES;
//給圖層添加一個有色邊框
brifeView.layer.borderWidth = 1;
brifeView.layer.borderColor = [[UIColor colorWithWhite:0.521 alpha:1.000] CGColor];
brifeView.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
[brifeView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.top.equalTo(brifeTitle.mas_bottom).with.offset(5);
make.left.equalTo(self.view.mas_left).with.offset(10);
make.right.equalTo(self.view.mas_right).with.offset(-10);
make.bottom.equalTo(self.view.mas_bottom).with.offset(-10);
make.height.equalTo(caredView);
}];
}完成之後如下圖 步驟1
步驟2,在上面的基礎上，增加植物養護部分ui構造的代碼，思想是，先構造出四行，然後根據每行單獨構造出行樣式。
//把塊拆分為四行
-(void)createIndexUIWithView:(UIView *)view{
//拆分四行
UIView *row1 = [UIView new];
UIView *row2 = [UIView new];
UIView *row3 = [UIView new];
UIView *row4 = [UIView new];
[view addSubview:row1];
[view addSubview:row2];
[view addSubview:row3];
[view addSubview:row4];
[row1 mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.right.and.left.equalTo(view);
make.height.equalTo(view.mas_height).multipliedBy(0.25);
make.top.equalTo(view.mas_top);
}];
[row2 mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.right.and.left.equalTo(view);
make.top.equalTo(row1.mas_bottom);
make.height.equalTo(view.mas_height).multipliedBy(0.25);
}];
[row3 mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.right.equalTo(view.mas_right);
make.top.equalTo(row2.mas_bottom);
make.height.equalTo(view.mas_height).multipliedBy(0.25);
make.left.equalTo(view.mas_left);
}];
[row4 mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.right.and.left.equalTo(view);
make.top.equalTo(row3.mas_bottom);
make.height.equalTo(view.mas_height).multipliedBy(0.25);
}];
[self createIndexRowUI:PlantReferenceWaterIndex withUIView:row1];
[self createIndexRowUI:PlantReferenceSumIndex withUIView:row2];
[self createIndexRowUI:PlantReferenceTemperatureIndex withUIView:row3];
[self createIndexRowUI:PlantReferenceElectrolyteIndex withUIView:row4];
}
//構造每行的UI
-(void)createIndexRowUI:(PlantReferenceIndex) index withUIView:(UIView *)view{
//index標題
UILabel *indexTitle = [UILabel new];
indexTitle.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"HeiTi SC" size:14];
indexTitle.textColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:0.326 alpha:1.000];
[view addSubview:indexTitle];
[indexTitle mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.left.equalTo(view.mas_left).with.offset(20);
make.centerY.equalTo(view.mas_centerY);
}];
switch (index) {
case PlantReferenceWaterIndex:
{
indexTitle.text = @"水分";
UIImageView * current;
for(int i=1;i<=5;i++){
if(i<_reference.waterIndex){
current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_water_light"]];
}else{
current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_water_dark"]];
}
[view addSubview:current];
//間距12%，左邊留空30%
[current mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.left.equalTo(view.mas_right).with.multipliedBy(0.12*(i-1) +0.3);
make.centerY.equalTo(view.mas_centerY);
}];
}
}
break;
case PlantReferenceSumIndex:
{
indexTitle.text = @"光照";
UIImageView * current;
for(int i=1;i<=5;i++){
if(i<_reference.temperatureIndex){
current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_summer_light"]];
}else{
current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_summer_dark"]];
}
[view addSubview:current];
//間距12%，左邊留空30%
[current mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.left.equalTo(view.mas_right).with.multipliedBy(0.12*(i-1) +0.3);
make.centerY.equalTo(view.mas_centerY);
}];
}
}
break;
case PlantReferenceTemperatureIndex:
{
indexTitle.text = @"溫度";
UIImageView * current;
for(int i=1;i<=5;i++){
if(i<_reference.sumIndex){
current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_temperature_light"]];
}else{
current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_temperature_dark"]];
}
[view addSubview:current];
//間距12%，左邊留空30%
[current mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.left.equalTo(view.mas_right).with.multipliedBy(0.12*(i-1) +0.3);
make.centerY.equalTo(view.mas_centerY);
}];
}
}
break;
case PlantReferenceElectrolyteIndex:
{
indexTitle.text = @"肥料";
UIImageView * current;
for(int i=1;i<=5;i++){
if(i<_reference.electrolyteIndex){
current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_electolyte_light"]];
}else{
current = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon_electolyte_dark"]];
}
[view addSubview:current];
//間距12%，左邊留空30%
[current mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.left.equalTo(view.mas_right).with.multipliedBy(0.12*(i-1) +0.3);
make.centerY.equalTo(view.mas_centerY);
}];
}
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
//在步驟1createui的基礎上，做了一些微調。
-(void)createUI{
self.title = _reference.name;
UIView *titleView = [UIView new];
UIView *caredView = [UIView new];
[self.view addSubview:caredView];
UITextView *brifeView = [UITextView new];
[self.view addSubview:brifeView];
//self.view
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:0.965 alpha:1.000];
//thrm
UIImageView *plantThrm = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"defalutPlantReferenceIcon"]];
[self.view addSubview:plantThrm];
[plantThrm mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.left.and.top.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);
}];
//title
[self.view addSubview:titleView];
UIImageView *bgTitleView = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"bg-plant-reference-title"]];
[titleView addSubview:bgTitleView];
[titleView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.right.equalTo(self.view.mas_right);
make.left.equalTo(plantThrm.mas_right).with.offset(20);
make.centerY.equalTo(plantThrm.mas_centerY);
}];
[bgTitleView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.edges.equalTo(titleView);
}];
UILabel *title = [[UILabel alloc]init];
title.textColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
title.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"Heiti SC" size:26];
title.text = _reference.name;
[titleView addSubview:title];
[title mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.left.equalTo(titleView.mas_left).offset(10);
make.width.equalTo(titleView.mas_width);
make.centerY.equalTo(titleView.mas_centerY);
}];
//植物養護
UILabel *caredTitle = [[UILabel alloc]init];
caredTitle.textColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:0.172 green:0.171 blue:0.219 alpha:1.000];
caredTitle.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"Heiti SC" size:10];
caredTitle.text = @"植物養護";
[self.view addSubview:caredTitle];
[caredTitle mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.top.equalTo(plantThrm.mas_bottom).with.offset(20);
make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);
make.height.mas_equalTo(10);
}];
//植物養護 數據
[self createIndexUIWithView:caredView];
//將圖層的邊框設置為圓腳
caredView.layer.cornerRadius = 5;
caredView.layer.masksToBounds = YES;
//給圖層添加一個有色邊框
caredView.layer.borderWidth = 1;
caredView.layer.borderColor = [[UIColor colorWithWhite:0.521 alpha:1.000] CGColor];
caredView.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
[caredView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.top.equalTo(caredTitle.mas_bottom).with.offset(5);
make.left.equalTo(self.view.mas_left).with.offset(10);
make.right.equalTo(self.view.mas_right).with.offset(-10);
make.height.equalTo(brifeView);
}];
//植物簡介
UILabel *brifeTitle = [[UILabel alloc]init];
brifeTitle.textColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:0.172 green:0.171 blue:0.219 alpha:1.000];
brifeTitle.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"Heiti SC" size:10];
brifeTitle.text = @"植物簡介";
[self.view addSubview:brifeTitle];
[brifeTitle mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.top.equalTo(caredView.mas_bottom).with.offset(20);
make.left.and.right.equalTo(self.view).with.offset(10);
make.height.mas_equalTo(10);
}];
//將圖層的邊框設置為圓腳
brifeView.layer.cornerRadius = 5;
brifeView.layer.masksToBounds = YES;
//給圖層添加一個有色邊框
brifeView.layer.borderWidth = 1;
brifeView.layer.borderColor = [[UIColor colorWithWhite:0.447 alpha:1.000] CGColor];
brifeView.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
//文字樣式
// brifeView.textColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:0.352 alpha:1.000];
// brifeView.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"HeiTi SC" size:12];
NSMutableParagraphStyle *paragraphStyle = [[NSMutableParagraphStyle alloc]init];
paragraphStyle.lineHeightMultiple = 20.f;
paragraphStyle.maximumLineHeight = 25.f;
paragraphStyle.minimumLineHeight = 15.f;
paragraphStyle.alignment = NSTextAlignmentJustified;
NSDictionary *attributes = @{ NSFontAttributeName:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:12], NSParagraphStyleAttributeName:paragraphStyle, NSForegroundColorAttributeName:[UIColor colorWithWhite:0.447 alpha:1.000]};
//植物簡介數據
//brifeView.text = _reference.brief;
brifeView.attributedText = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString: _reference.brief attributes:attributes];
[brifeView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.top.equalTo(brifeTitle.mas_bottom).with.offset(5);
make.left.equalTo(self.view.mas_left).with.offset(10);
make.right.equalTo(self.view.mas_right).with.offset(-10);
make.bottom.equalTo(self.view.mas_bottom).with.offset(-10);
make.height.equalTo(caredView);
}];
}完成之後如下圖 步驟2
相關文章
+