譯者:@coderyi9
本文翻譯自Marcus Westin的開源框架WebViewJavascriptBridge的readme,英文原文鏈接https://github.com/marcuswestin/WebViewJavascriptBridge.
WebViewJavascriptBridge是Obj-C和JavaScript通過UIWebViews/WebViews互通消息的一個iOS/OSX的橋梁. 如果你喜歡WebViewJavascriptBridge,你可能也想check outWebViewProxy.
Obj-C和JavaScript原理簡單說一下,Obj-C調用JavaScript很簡單,可以通過webview的stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:方法調用JavaScript代碼;JavaScript調用Obj-C,則是通過web view的代理方法shouldStartLoadWithRequest:來接收JavaScript的網絡請求從而實現調用。
正在使用WebViewJavascriptBridge的項目
有很多的公司和項目在使用WebViewJavascriptBridge.這個列表不完整,你可以隨意添加.
安裝& 例子 (iOS & OSX)
首先打開Example Apps文件夾.打開iOS或者OSX的工程然後點擊運行.
在你自己的工程中用WebViewJavascriptBridge:
1) 拖動 WebViewJavascriptBridge 文件夾到你的工程中. 在出現的對話框中, 取消 (我覺得應該是選中)”Copy items into destination group’s folder” 並且 選擇 “Create groups for any folders” 2) 引入頭文件並且申明一個屬性: #import "WebViewJavascriptBridge.h" ... @property WebViewJavascriptBridge* bridge; 3) 實例化WebViewJavascriptBridge並且帶上一個UIWebView (iOS)或者WebView (OSX): self.bridge = [WebViewJavascriptBridge bridgeForWebView:webView handler:^(id data, WVJBResponseCallback responseCallback) { NSLog(@"Received message from javascript: %@", data); responseCallback(@"Right back atcha"); }]; 4) 首先從ObjC到javascript發送一些消息: [self.bridge send:@"Well hello there"]; [self.bridge send:[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"Foo" forKey:@"Bar"]]; [self.bridge send:@"Give me a response, will you?" responseCallback:^(id responseData) { NSLog(@"ObjC got its response! %@", responseData); }]; 5) 然後,看看javascript這邊: function connectWebViewJavascriptBridge(callback) { if (window.WebViewJavascriptBridge) { callback(WebViewJavascriptBridge) } else { document.addEventListener('WebViewJavascriptBridgeReady', function() { callback(WebViewJavascriptBridge) }, false) } } connectWebViewJavascriptBridge(function(bridge) { /* Init your app here */ bridge.init(function(message, responseCallback) { alert('Received message: ' + message) if (responseCallback) { responseCallback("Right back atcha") } }) bridge.send('Hello from the javascript') bridge.send('Please respond to this', function responseCallback(responseData) { console.log("Javascript got its response", responseData) }) }) Contributors & Forks Contributors: https://github.com/marcuswestin/WebViewJavascriptBridge/graphs/contributors Forks: https://github.com/marcuswestin/WebViewJavascriptBridge/network/members API 參考 ObjC API [WebViewJavascriptBridge bridgeForWebView: (UIWebView/WebView*)webview handler:(WVJBHandler)handler] [WebViewJavascriptBridge bridgeForWebView: (UIWebView/WebView*)webview webViewDelegate: (UIWebViewDelegate*)webViewDelegate handler:(WVJBHandler)handler] 給web view創建一個javascript的橋梁. 假如javascript需要一個反饋,那麼 WVJBResponseCallback 不能為 nil . 當然,通過 webViewDelegate:(UIWebViewDelegate*)webViewDelegate 你可以得到web view的生命周期事件. 例子: [WebViewJavascriptBridge bridgeForWebView:webView handler:^(id data, WVJBResponseCallback responseCallback) { NSLog(@"Received message from javascript: %@", data); if (responseCallback) { responseCallback(@"Right back atcha"); } }] [WebViewJavascriptBridge bridgeForWebView:webView webViewDelegate:self handler:^(id data, WVJBResponseCallback responseCallback) { /* ... */ }]; [bridge send:(id)data] [bridge send:(id)data responseCallback:(WVJBResponseCallback)responseCallback] 發送一個消息給javascript. 並且在發送消息成功後可以通過 responseCallback block做出一 些反應. 例子: [self.bridge send:@"Hi"]; [self.bridge send:[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"Foo" forKey:@"Bar"]]; [self.bridge send:@"I expect a response!" responseCallback:^(id responseData) { NSLog(@"Got response! %@", responseData); }]; [bridge registerHandler:(NSString*)handlerName handler: (WVJBHandler)handler] 注冊一個叫做 handlerName 的handler. javascript能夠通過 WebViewJavascriptBridge.callHandler(“handlerName”) 調起這個handler. 例子: [self.bridge registerHandler:@"getScreenHeight" handler:^(id data, WVJBResponseCallback responseCallback) { responseCallback([NSNumber numberWithInt:[UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height]); }]; [bridge callHandler:(NSString*)handlerName data:(id)data] [bridge callHandler:(NSString*)handlerName data:(id)data responseCallback:(WVJBResponseCallback)callback] 調起javascript叫做 handlerName的handler. 在調用 handler成功後可以通過responseCallback block做出反應. 例子: [self.bridge callHandler:@"showAlert" data:@"Hi from ObjC to JS!"]; [self.bridge callHandler:@"getCurrentPageUrl" data:nil responseCallback:^(id responseData) { NSLog(@"Current UIWebView page URL is: %@", responseData); }]; 定義 bundle WebViewJavascriptBridge 要求 WebViewJavascriptBridge.js.txt 文件嵌入到web view來創建一個在JS這邊的橋梁.標准的實現是用 mainBundle 找到這個文件.如果你建立一個 靜態庫並且你把這個文件放在其他地方,你可以用下面的方法找 WebViewJavascriptBridge.js.txt 文件: [WebViewJavascriptBridge bridgeForWebView: (UIWebView/WebView*)webView webViewDelegate: (UIWebViewDelegate*)webViewDelegate handler:(WVJBHandler)handler resourceBundle:(NSBundle*)bundle 例子: [WebViewJavascriptBridge bridgeForWebView:_webView webViewDelegate:self handler:^(id data, WVJBResponseCallback responseCallback) { NSLog(@"Received message from javascript: %@", data); } resourceBundle:[NSBundle bundleWithURL:[[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"ResourcesBundle" withExtension:@"bundle"]] ]; Javascript API document.addEventListener(‘WebViewJavascriptBridgeReady’, function onBridgeReady(event) { … }, false) 一直等待 WebViewJavascriptBridgeReady DOM 事件. 例子: document.addEventListener('WebViewJavascriptBridgeReady', function(event) { var bridge = event.bridge // Start using the bridge }, false) bridge.init(function messageHandler(data, response) { … }) 初始化這個橋. 這會調起 ‘WebViewJavascriptBridgeReady’ 的事件handler. 這個 messageHandler 函數會接收通過ObjC的 [bridge send:(id)data] 和 [bridge send:(id)data responseCallback:(WVJBResponseCallback)responseCallback] 方法 發送的所有消息. 如果ObjC發送消息時有WVJBResponseCallback block,那麼可以通過response對象發送消息. 例子: self.bridge = [WebViewJavascriptBridge bridgeForWebView:webView handler:^(id data, WVJBResponseCallback responseCallback) { NSLog(@"Received message from javascript: %@", data); responseCallback(@"Right back atcha"); }]; 0 bridge.send(“Hi there!”) bridge.send({ Foo:”Bar” }) bridge.send(data, function responseCallback(responseData) { … }) 給ObjC發送消息. 在發送成功後可以通過 responseCallback 函數做出反應. 例子: self.bridge = [WebViewJavascriptBridge bridgeForWebView:webView handler:^(id data, WVJBResponseCallback responseCallback) { NSLog(@"Received message from javascript: %@", data); responseCallback(@"Right back atcha"); }]; 1 bridge.registerHandler(“handlerName”, function(responseData) { … }) 注冊一個叫做 handlerName 的handler. ObjC能夠通過 [bridge callHandler:”handlerName” data:@”Foo”] 和 [bridge callHandler:”handlerName” data:@”Foo” responseCallback:^(id responseData) { … }] 兩個方法調起這個handler. 例子: self.bridge = [WebViewJavascriptBridge bridgeForWebView:webView handler:^(id data, WVJBResponseCallback responseCallback) { NSLog(@"Received message from javascript: %@", data); responseCallback(@"Right back atcha"); }]; 2